Faculty

Paul Heinemann

Professor of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

105 Ag Engineering
University Park, PA

Email hzh@psu.edu
Phone 814-865-7792

Areas of Expertise

Apple Keyphrases
Apple Orchard Keyphrases
Electronic Nose (E-nose) Keyphrases
Frost Protection Keyphrases
Agaricus Bisporus Keyphrases
End-effector Keyphrases
Mushroom Substrate Keyphrases
Orchard Keyphrases

Development of a decision-making algorithm to identify picking strategies for robotic mushroom harvesting
Sadjad Mahnan, Lawrence Arthur, Long He, Shirin Ghatrehsamani, Paul Heinemann, John Pecchia, Jun 2026, In: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Date: Jun 2026

Design and Performance Evaluation of a Vacuum-Based Twist–Bend End-Effector for Automated Mushroom Harvesting with Vision-Based Damage Assessment
Kittiphum Pawikhum, Yanqiu Yang, Long He, John A. Pecchia, Paul Heinemann, Apr 2026, In: AgriEngineering
Date: Apr 2026

YOLOv7-CBAM and DeepSORT with pixel grid analysis for Real-Time weed localization and Intra-Row density estimation in apple orchards
Lawrence Arthur, Sadjad Mahnan, Long He, Magni Hussain, Paul Heinemann, Caio Brunharo, Dec 2025, In: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Date: Dec 2025

Development of a Machine vision system for apple bud thinning in precision crop load management
Kittiphum Pawikhum, Yanqiu Yang, Long He, Paul Heinemann, Sep 2025, In: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Date: Sep 2025

Frost management in agriculture with advanced sensing, modeling, and artificial intelligent technologies
Weiyun Hua, Paul Heinemann, Long He, Apr 2025, In: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Date: Apr 2025

Precision heating strategy based dynamic heater path planning for frost protection in apple orchards
Weiyun Hua, Long He, Paul Heinemann, Minghui Zhu, Feb 2025, In: Biosystems Engineering
Date: Feb 2025

Real-time Weed Species Localization and Tracking for Intra-Row Weed Density Estimation in Apple Orchards
Lawrence Arthur, Sadjad Mahnan, Long He, Magni Hussain, Paul Heinemann, Caio Brunharo, 2025, In:
Date: 2025

DESIGN OF END-EFFECTORS FOR THINNING APPLE IN THE GREEN FRUIT STAGE
Kittiphum Pawikhum, Long He, Paul Heinemann, Randall G. Bock, 2025, In: Journal of the ASABE
Date: 2025

Heat transfer modeling with fixed and mobile heaters for frost protection in apple orchards
Weiyun Hua, Paul Heinemann, He Long, Dec 2024, In: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Date: Dec 2024

Canopy protection cyber-physical system (CPCPS) for smart agricultural management of frost damage in apple orchards
Weiyun Hua, Paul Heinz Heinemann, Long He, Feb 2024, In: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Date: Feb 2024

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Machine vision for color inspection of potatoes and apples
Y. Tao, P. H. Heinemann, Z. Varghese, C. T. Morrow, H. J. Sommer, Sep 1995, In: Transactions - American Society of Agricultural Engineers: General Edition
Citations: 191

Technological advancements towards developing a robotic pruner for apple trees
Azlan Zahid, Md Sultan Mahmud, Long He, Paul Heinemann, Daeun Choi, James Schupp, Oct 2021, In: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Citations: 115

Neural network and Bayesian network fusion models to fuse electronic nose and surface acoustic wave sensor data for apple defect detection
Changying Li, Paul Heinemann, Richard Sherry, Jul 16 2007, In: Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical
Citations: 115

The development of mechanical apple harvesting technology
Z. Zhang, P. H. Heinemann, J. Liu, T. A. Baugher, J. R. Schupp, 2016, In: Transactions of the ASABE
Citations: 112

Fourier-based separation technique for shape grading of potatoes using machine vision
Y. Tao, C. T. Morrow, P. H. Heinemann, H. J. Sommer, May 1995, In: Transactions of the ASAE
Citations: 112

Grading of mushrooms using a machine vision system
P. H. Heinemann, R. Hughes, C. T. Morrow, H. J.I.I. Sommer, R. B. Beelman, P. J. Wuest, Dec 1 1994, In: Transactions - American Society of Agricultural Engineers: General Edition
Citations: 88

Development of a LiDAR-guided section-based tree canopy density measurement system for precision spray applications
Md Sultan Mahmud, Azlan Zahid, Long He, Daeun Choi, Grzegorz Krawczyk, Heping Zhu, Paul Heinemann, Mar 2021, In: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Citations: 83

Mask R-CNN based apple flower detection and king flower identification for precision pollination
Xinyang Mu, Long He, Paul Heinemann, James Schupp, Manoj Karkee, Aug 2023, In: Smart Agricultural Technology
Citations: 78

On-tree apple fruit size estimation using stereo vision with deep learning-based occlusion handling
Omeed Mirbod, Daeun Choi, Paul H. Heinemann, Richard P. Marini, Long He, Feb 2023, In: Biosystems Engineering
Citations: 71

Green fruit segmentation and orientation estimation for robotic green fruit thinning of apples
Magni Hussain, Long He, James Schupp, David Lyons, Paul Heinemann, Apr 2023, In: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Citations: 68

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Centers & Institutes